目的 建立冬虫夏草中脂肪酸成分的一步甲酯化衍生分析方法,并对青海玉树5县12个不同产地样品中脂肪酸组成和含量进行比较分析。方法 采用GC/MS和对照品对照的方法对冬虫夏草中脂肪酸类成分定性定量分析,并对数据进行比较。结果 青海玉树冬虫夏草中主要含有C₁₄～C₂₀的13种脂肪酸,其总量在79.81～160.20 mg·g^-1之间。同一样品中棕榈酸、油酸和亚油酸3种脂肪酸含量最高,其总和占13种脂肪酸总量的92.81%～95.66%。不饱和脂肪酸所占比例高于饱和脂肪酸,UFA/SFA在4.23～6.63之间。18碳和16碳的脂肪酸种类最多、含量最高,C₁₈/C₁₆含量比为4.04～6.19。玉树不同产地冬虫夏草样品中上述13种脂肪酸的组成基本一致,但脂肪酸的含量和比例存在较大差异。结论 建立的冬虫夏草中脂肪酸的分析方法简便、准确,适合天然冬虫夏草中脂肪酸类成分的分析。玉树5县12个不同产地中脂肪酸类成分的定性定量分析数据能够为更好认识冬虫夏草的价值和其质量控制的研究提供参考。

OBJECTIVE To establish a one-step esterification derivative analysis method for fatty acids in Cordyceps sinensis. and analyze and compare the composition and content of fatty acids of 12 samples from five counties of Yushu prefecture of Qinghai province. METHODS Qualitative and quantitative analysis of fatty acids was performed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS) in combination with comparison to reference substances, then the data was compared. RESULTS Thirteen kinds of fatty acids of C₁₄-C₂₀ were found with a total amount of 79.81-160.20 mg·g^-1. For a same sample, palmitic acid, oleic acid, and linoleic acid were the three kinds of fatty acids with the highest contents, the total content of which accounted for 92.81%-95.66% of the total 13 fatty acids. The proportion of unsaturated fatty acid was much higher than that of saturated fatty acids, and the ratio of UFA/SFA was 4.23-6.63. The fatty acids of 18 carbon and 16 carbon were the component with the highest amount and content, and the ratio of C18/C16 ranged from 4.04 to 6.19. Furthermore, the composition of the 13 fatty acids was basically consistent, while the content and proportion of the fatty acids varied greatly in samples from different origins. CONCLUSION The method of fatty acids determination in Cordyceps sinensis set up by this research is simple, accurate, and reproducible, which is suitable for the fatty acids analysis in natural Cordyceps sinensis. The qualitative and quantitative data of the fatty acids could provide references for better recognition of the value of Cordyceps sinensis and further studies on its quality control.